Ngaphakathi kwesitshalo se-cannabis, uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwenhlanganisela yamakhemikhali lusebenza ndawonye ukudala izinkulungwane zemiphumela eyingqayizivele etholakalayo lapho kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene ezitholakala emakethe. Okuyinhloko phakathi kwalezo zinhlanganisela ama-cannabinoids, ama-terpenes, ama-flavonoids, nezinye izinto zezitshalo. Ngenkathi i-terpenes ifana namafutha abalulekile alawula iphunga nokunambitha, ama-cannabinoids (futhi amabili ikakhulukazi) aqhuba imiphumela yengqondo nengokomzimba yokusetshenziswa kwensangu. Lawo ma-cannabinoids amabili, i-THC ne-CBD, sizohlola kabanzi kulesi sihloko.
Iyini iTHC?
Inhlanganisela evelele ethinta ubuchopho nomzimba wakho i-molecule enamandla ebizwa ngokuthi i-tetrahydrocannabinol, eyaziwa nge-THC kubantu abaningi. I-THC isizuze udumo njenge-cannabinoid ekwenza uphakame, kodwa le molekyuli ye-psychoactive inemiphumela eminingi eyengeziwe edinga ukufundwa okwengeziwe. Yize sathola le ngxube cishe eminyakeni engama-60 edlule, abantu basebenzise insangu njengomuthi iminyaka eyinkulungwane, nokusetshenziswa kokuqala okurekhodiwe okwasuka eChina ngo-2727 BC encwadini eyabhalwa uMbusi uShen Nung, ubaba wezokwelapha zaseShayina.
U-Raphael Mechoulam wathola okokuqala i-THC e-Hebrew University eJerusalema, futhi indaba iyamangalisa. NgokukaMechoulam, njengoba kucashunwe kuyi-BioMedCentral, "Konke kwaqala ohambweni olubi lwebhasi ngo-1964, lapho ngiletha amakhilogremu amahlanu e-hashish yaseLebanon engayithola emaphoyiseni akwa-Israel elabhorethri yami e-Weitzman Institute e-Rehovot."
Yini i-CBD?
I-Cannabidiol (i-CBD) enye i-cannabinoid etholakala esitshalweni se-cannabis. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-CBD ne-THC wehlela kumphumela we-psychoactive.
Zombili lezi zinhlanganisela zisebenza ngokuxhumana nama-receptors. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani ne-THC, i-CBD ayibophezeli kuma-receptors e-CB okwenza i-CBD ingasebenzi ngokwengqondo. Njengoba i-CBD ingabophi ngokuqondile kuma-receptors e-ECS, ayiwakhuthazi njengoba kwenza iTHC ukudala umuzwa “ophakeme” owaziwayo. Ngokuthonya ama-receptors akho e-ECS ngokungaqondile, i-CBD ibuyisela i-homeostasis (noma ibhalansi) emzimbeni ngaphandle komphumela wokusebenza kwengqondo. Okwenza i-CBD ikhetheke ukuthi inamandla okuxhumana nama-receptors amaningana ebuchosheni. Isibonelo, i-CBD iphinde ixhumane nama-serotonin receptors, ikakhulukazi i-5-HT1A receptor, engachaza ukuthi kungani ingasiza ekucindezelekeni kwesikhashana.
Bangaki abantu baseMelika ababhema insangu?
Izibalo eziyisisekelo ongazithola mayelana nensangu zihlobene nokuthi bangaki abantu abayibhemayo noma abayisebenzisayo, futhi ngenkathi kunedatha ebuyela emuva kakhulu kunalokhu, iminyaka eyishumi edlule yedatha ikunikeza ukubuka okuphelele kokuthi bangaki abantu abasebenzisa insangu kokubili ngaphakathi. unyaka odlule nangaphakathi kwenyanga edlule.
Kube nokwanda okungaguquguquki ekusetshenzisweni kwensangu enyangeni edlule nakulo nyaka odlule kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2021.
Ngo-2012, u-11.6% wabantu abadala baseMelika basebenzise insangu ngonyaka odlule, kanti u-7.1% bakwenze lokho ngenyanga edlule.
Ngo-2021, lokhu kwase kukhuphuke kwafinyelela ku-16.9% wabantu abadala baseMelika abasebenzisa insangu ngonyaka odlule kanye no-11.7% ngenyanga edlule, okukhuphuke cishe ngo-46% no-65% ngokulandelana.
Lokhu kungenzeka kukhombisa ukwanda kokwamukelwa kwensangu emphakathini, njengoba abantu abaningi beba nokufinyelela okusemthethweni futhi mancane amathuba okuba babe nemibono engemihle ngalesi sitshalo.
Yiziphi Izizathu Ezivame Kakhulu Zokusebenzisa I-Cannabis?
Ngokukhula kwezibalo zabantu abasebenzisa i-cannabis, kungokwemvelo ukuzibuza ukuthi abantu banikeza ini njengesisusa sabo sokwenza lokho. Izizathu ezintathu eziphezulu, ezinikezwe ngaphezu kwesigamu sabo bonke abaphendulile, ukuphumula (67%), ukukhululeka kwengcindezi (62%) kanye nokunciphisa ukukhathazeka (54%), ngezinombolo ezincane ezibika zisebenzisa ukhula ukusiza ngekhwalithi yokulala (46%). , ubuhlungu (45%) kanye nokulala (44%). Izizathu ezingajwayelekile zifaka ukubhema ngenxa yezizathu zomphakathi (34%), impilo yonke (23%), yesimo sezempilo (22%) kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuqamba (21%).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-03-2019