Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-e-cigarettes ayifakayo ayinayo i-CBD, inhlanganisela edume ngokumangazayo evela esitshalweni sensangu abathi abakhangisi bangakwazi ukwelapha izifo eziningi ngaphandle kokwenza abasebenzisi baphakame. Kunalokho, isidakamizwa esinamandla sasemgwaqweni sifakwa emafutheni.
Abanye o-opharetha benza imali nge-CBD craze ngokufaka insangu yokwenziwa eshibhile nengekho emthethweni nge-CBD yemvelo kugwayi we-elekthronikhi kanye nemikhiqizo efana namabhere e-gummy, uphenyo lwe-Associated Press lutholakele.
Eminyakeni emibili edlule, lo mkhuba uye wathumela inqwaba yabantu abafana noJenkins ezindlini zezimo eziphuthumayo. Kodwa-ke, labo abasebenzisa imikhiqizo enama-spiked bayaphumelela, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi imboni ikhule ngokushesha kangangokuthi abalawuli abakwazi ukuqhubeka futhi abomthetho babaluleke kakhulu.
I-AP iyalele ukuthi kuhlolwe elebhu ye-e-liquid esetshenziswa u-Jenkins neminye imikhiqizo engu-29 eshisayo ethengiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi CBD ezweni lonke, kugxile ezinkampanini ezihlatshwe umkhosi njengezisolisayo yiziphathimandla noma abasebenzisi. Eziyishumi kwezingu-30 zaziqukethe insangu yokwenziwa - isidakamizwa esaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-K2 noma izinongo ezingenazo izinzuzo zezokwelapha ezaziwayo - kuyilapho ezinye zazingenayo i-CBD nhlobo.
Lokhu kufaka i-Green Machine, i-pod ehambisana no-Juul e-cigarettes izintatheli ezithenge eCalifornia, eFlorida naseMaryland. Amabhokisi amane kwayisikhombisa ayenensangu yokwenziwa engekho emthethweni, kodwa amakhemikhali ayehlukahluka ngokunambitheka nalapho ethengwa khona.
“Kuyiroulette yaseRussia,” kusho uJames Neal-Kababik, umqondisi weFlora Research Laboratories, ehlola imikhiqizo.
I-vaping ngokuvamile ibhekwe ngabomvu emasontweni asanda kwedlula ngemuva kokuthi amakhulu abasebenzisi behlaselwe yizifo zamaphaphu ezingaqondakali, abanye babo asebeshonile. Uphenyo lwe-Associated Press lugxile kusethi ehlukile yamacala lapho izinto ezithinta ingqondo zengezwa emikhiqizweni ngendlela ye-CBD.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri ye-Associated Press ihambisana nokutholwe yiziphathimandla, ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwezikhungo ezigcina umthetho kuzo zonke izifundazwe ezingama-50.
Emasampuli angaphezu kuka-350 ahlolwe amalebhu kahulumeni ezifundazweni eziyisishiyagalolunye, cishe zonke eNingizimu, okungenani angu-128 aqukethe insangu yokwenziwa emikhiqizweni ethengiswa njenge-CBD.
Amabhere we-Gummy neminye imikhiqizo yokudla yaba namahithi angu-36, kuyilapho cishe yonke eminye kwakuyimikhiqizo eshisayo. Iziphathimandla zaseMississippi nazo zithole i-fentanyl, i-opioid enamandla ebangela ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-30,000 ngonyaka odlule.
Izintatheli zibe sezithenga izinhlobo ezazikleliswe njengezikhethwa phezulu ekuhlolweni kokugcinwa komthetho noma ezingxoxweni eziku-inthanethi. Njengoba ukuhlolwa kokubili kweziphathimandla kanye ne-AP kugxile emikhiqizweni esolisayo, imiphumela ibingamele imakethe yonke, ehlanganisa amakhulukhulu emikhiqizo.
"Abantu sebeqalile ukuqaphela ukuthi imakethe iyakhula futhi ezinye izinkampani ezingaphethwe zizama ukwenza imali esheshayo," kusho uMariel Weintraub, umongameli we-US Hemp Administration, iqembu lemboni elibhekele ukuqinisekiswa kwezimonyo ze-CBD nezithako zokudla.
U-Weintraub uthe insangu yokwenziwa iyakhathaza, kodwa wathi maningi amagama amakhulu embonini. Uma umkhiqizo uthola ukuchaphazeka, abantu noma izinkampani eziwumgunyathi zivame ukusola umgunyathi noma ukungcola ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka nokusabalalisa.
I-CBD, emfushane ye-cannabidiol, ingelinye lamakhemikhali amaningi atholakala ku-cannabis, isitshalo esaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi insangu. Iningi le-CBD lenziwe nge-hemp, uhlobo lwe-hemp olutshalwe i-fiber noma okunye ukusetshenziswa. Ngokungafani nomzala wayo owaziwa kakhulu i-THC, i-cannabidiol ayibangeli abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhuphuke. Ukuthengiswa kwe-CBD kugqugquzelwa ngokwengxenye izimangalo ezingenabufakazi zokuthi kunganciphisa ubuhlungu, kudambise ukukhathazeka, kuthuthukise ukugxilisa ingqondo, futhi kuvimbele izifo.
I-US Food and Drug Administration igunyaze umuthi osuselwa ku-CBD wokwelapha ukuquleka okuhlobene nezinhlobo ezimbili ezingavamile nezinzima zesithuthwane, kodwa uthi akufanele wengezwe ekudleni, eziphuzweni nasezithanjeni. Le nhlangano njengamanje icacisa imithetho yayo, kodwa ngaphandle kokuxwayisa abakhiqizi ngezimangalo zezempilo ezingenabufakazi, yenze okuncane ukumisa ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo enama-spiked. Lona umsebenzi we-US Drug Enforcement Administration, kodwa ama-ejenti ayo asebenza ngokukhethekile kuma-opioid nezinye izidakamizwa.
Manje sekunamaswidi neziphuzo ze-CBD, izinto zokugcoba nokhilimu, ngisho nokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Izitudiyo ze-Suburban yoga, amakhemisi aziwayo kanye nezitolo ezinkulu ze-Neiman Marcus zithengisa imikhiqizo yobuhle. UKim Kardashian West uphathe ishawa yengane enetimu ye-CBD.
Kepha kunzima kubathengi ukwazi ukuthi ingakanani i-CBD abayitholayo ngempela. Njengemikhiqizo eminingi, abalawuli befederal kanye nezifundazwe abavamile ukuhlola imikhiqizo yabo—ezimweni eziningi, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kushiyelwa kubakhiqizi.
Futhi kunesisusa somnotho sokunqamula amakhona. Iwebhusayithi eyodwa ikhangisa insangu yokwenziwa ngemali encane engu-$25 iphawundi - inani elifanayo le-CBD yemvelo lingabiza amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zamaRandi.
U-Jay Jenkins wayesanda kuqeda unyaka wakhe omusha e-South Carolina Military Academy, e-Citadel, futhi isithukuthezi samholela ekutheni azame lokho ayekubheka njenge-CBD.
KwakungoMeyi 2018 futhi wathi umngane wakhe wathenga ibhokisi lamafutha e-CBD anongiwe we-blueberry elibizwa ngokuthi i-Yolo! - isifinyezo esithi "Uphila Kanye Kuphela" - ku-7 kuya ku-11 Market, ibhilidi eligqoke izingubo ezimhlophe e-Lexington, eNingizimu Carolina.
UJenkins uthe ukungezwani emlonyeni kubonakala “kukhula izikhathi ezingu-10.” Izithombe ezicacile zendilinga egutshuzelwe ubumnyama futhi egcwele onxantathu abamibalabala yagcwala ingqondo yakhe. Ngaphambi kokuthi aquleke, wabona ukuthi akakwazi nokunyakaza.
Umngane wakhe wagijima waya esibhedlela, futhi uJenkins waquleka ngenxa yokwehluleka ukuphefumula kanzima, amarekhodi akhe ezokwelapha abonisa.
UJenkins waphaphama ekukhomeni kwakhe futhi wakhululwa ngakusasa. Abasebenzi basesibhedlela bavale i-cartridge ye-Yolo esikhwameni se-biosecurity base beyibuyisela kubo.
Okungenani bangu-11 abantu base-Europe asebeshonile ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwelebhu okwenziwe yi-Associated Press kuleli hlobo kutholwe uhlobo lwensangu yokwenziwa.
Iziphathimandla zikahulumeni nezifundazwe azikaze zinqume ukuthi ubani owadala i-Yolo, engagulisanga uJenkins kuphela kodwa okungenani abantu abangama-33 e-Utah.
Ngokwamaphepha afakwe enkantolo yaseCalifornia ngowayengumphathi wamabhuku ezimali, inkampani ebizwa ngokuthi i-Mathco Health Corporation idayisele umthengisi imikhiqizo ye-Yolo ekhelini elifanayo nelemakethe engu-7 kuya kwezingu-11 lapho uJenkins wayehlala khona. Abanye ababili abebengabasebenzi batshele i-AP ukuthi uYolo ubengumkhiqizo weMathco.
Isikhulu sakwaMathco, uKatarina Maloney, engxoxweni abe nayo ekomkhulu lale nkampani eCarlsbad, eCalifornia, uthe uYolo uphethwe ngowayesebenzisana naye ebhizinisini futhi akafuni ukuxoxa ngakho.
UMaloney uphinde wathi i-Mathco “ayibandakanyi ekwakhiweni, ekusabalaliseni noma ekuthengiseni noma yimuphi umkhiqizo ongekho emthethweni”. Imikhiqizo ye-Yolo e-Utah “ayithengwa kithi,” kusho yena, futhi inkampani ayinakho ukulawula ukuthi kwenzekani ngemva kokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo. Ukuhlolwa kwama-cartridge amabili e-CBD e-vape athengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo we-Maloney's Hemp Hookahzz ogunyazwe yi-Associated Press ayitholanga insangu yokwenziwa.
Njengengxenye yesikhalazo sokuqashwa esifakwe emarekhodini asenkantolo, owayengumcwaningi mabhuku wathi lowo owayenguzakwethu kaMaloney, uJanelle Thompson, “wayewukuphela komdayisi kaYolo.” UThompson wavala ucingo ngemuva kokuthola ucingo olubuza ukuthi unjani uYolo.
“Uma ufuna ukukhuluma nothile, ungakhuluma nommeli wami,” kubhala uThompson kamuva, ngaphandle kokunikeza igama noma imininingwane yokuxhumana.
Ngesikhathi intatheli ivakashele emakethe ka-7-11 ngoMeyi, uYolo wayeka ukudayisa. Lapho ebuzwa ngento efana nalokhu, umthengisi watusa ikhathoriji ebhalwe ukuthi Funky Monkey, wabe esephendukela ekhabetheni elingemva kwekhawunta wanikeza izitsha ezimbili ezingabhaliwe.
“Lawa angcono. Ngowabanikazi. Bangabathengisi bethu, ”kusho yena, ebabiza ngama-CBD ayi-7 kuye kwayi-11. “Ikhona, ungaza lapha kuphela.”
Ukuhlolwa kubonise ukuthi yomithathu iqukethe insangu yokwenziwa. Umnikazi akawuphendulanga umyalezo ecela ukuphawula.
Iphakheji ayibonisi inkampani, futhi uhlobo lwayo lutholakala kancane ku-inthanethi. Abasaqalayo bangavele badizayine ilebula futhi bakhiqizele abathengisi bezitolo ngenani eliphelele.
Isistimu efiphele yokukhiqiza nokusabalalisa ivimbela uphenyo lobugebengu futhi ishiya izisulu zemikhiqizo enezipikili zinekhambi elincane noma zingenalo nhlobo.
I-Associated Press ithenge futhi yahlola ama-pods oMshini Oluhlaza ngezinambitheka ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa iminti, umango, amajikijolo aluhlaza, nejusi yehlathi. Ama-pods amane kwayisikhombisa ayengeze ama-spikes, futhi amabili kuphela ayene-CBD ngaphezu kwamazinga okulandela umkhondo.
Ama-Mint nama-mango pods athengwe edolobheni lase-Los Angeles aqukethe insangu yokwenziwa. Kodwa ngenkathi iminti kanye nomango pods okuthengiswa esitolo se-vape saseMaryland kwakungagxiliwe, ama-pods ane-flavour "jungle juice". Iphinde ibe nenye inhlanganisela ye-cannabis yokwenziwa abaphathi bezempilo abayisola ngokufaka ushevu e-US naseNew Zealand. Imbewu yamajikijolo aluhlaza ethengiswa eFlorida nayo yayinameva.
Ukupakishwa koMshini Oluhlaza uthi kwenziwa nge-hemp yezimboni, kodwa akukho zwi lokuthi ubani ongemuva kwakho.
Lapho intatheli ibuyela ku-CBD Supply MD endaweni engaphansi kwedolobha i-Baltimore ukuzoxoxa ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa, umnikazi waso uKeith Manley uthe uyazi ngamahemuhemu aku-inthanethi okuthi iGreen Machine ingaqiniswa. Ube esecela umsebenzi ukuthi akhiphe amakhepsuli oMshini Oluhlaza asele emashalofini esitolo.
Ngezingxoxo namadokhumenti, i-Associated Press ilandelele ukuthengwa kwentatheli kwamaphilisi omshini oluhlaza endaweni yokugcina izimpahla e-Philadelphia, kwase kuba endaweni yokubhema e-Manhattan, nokuphikisana nosomabhizinisi u-Rajinder Singh, owathi ungumkhiqizi wokuqala wamaphilisi oMshini Oluhlaza. , umdayisi.
Lo mculi, okumanje uboshiwe ngamacala ensangu okwenziwa nguhulumeni, uthe ukhokhe ukheshi ngama-pods noma amapayipi e-hookah kumfana ogama lakhe lingu-“Bob” owangena ngeveni esuka eMassachusetts. Ukusekela indaba yakhe, unikeze inombolo yocingo ehlobene nendoda eyashona ngoJulayi.
Ngo-2017, u-Singer wawavuma amacala enhlangano ngokuthengisa “i-potpourri” ayazi ukuthi iqukethe insangu yokwenziwa. Uthe lesi sigameko simfundise isifundo wasola insangu yokwenziwa etholwe kwaGreen Machine ngokuthi ingumkokotelo.
I-American Association of Poison Control Centers ibheka i-CBD “njengengozi evelayo” ngenxa yamandla okubhalwa kabi nokungcoliswa.
Ngokocwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngoMeyi ephephabhukwini i-Clinical Toxicology, kwelinye icala ngonyaka odlule, umfana oneminyaka engu-8 ubudala wase-Washington DC walaliswa esibhedlela ngemva kokuthatha uwoyela we-CBD abazali bakhe abayale ku-inthanethi. Kunalokho, insangu yokwenziwa imthumele esibhedlela enezimpawu ezinjengokudideka nokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Ukulebula kwemikhiqizo eminingi ye-CBD kubhalwe ukuthi akunembile. Ucwaningo lwango-2017 olushicilelwe ku-Journal of the American Medical Association luthole ukuthi amaphesenti angama-70 emikhiqizo ye-CBD abhalwe ngokungeyikho. Besebenzisa amalabhorethri azimele, abacwaningi bahlole imikhiqizo engama-84 ezinkampanini ezingama-31.
I-CBD yomgunyathi noma eqinile yayanele ukuthi ibangele ukukhathazeka phakathi kwabaholi beqembu lemboni yeCannabis Administration yase-US, edale uhlelo lokunikeza izitifiketi zemikhiqizo ye-CBD yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba nempilo enhle. Ama-vapes awafakiwe.
Iziphathimandla zaseGeorgia zaqala ukuhlolisisa izitolo zikagwayi zendawo ngonyaka odlule ngemva kokuba abafundi abambalwa basesikoleni samabanga aphakeme bequlekile ngemva kokubhema. Enye yemikhiqizo ye-vape ye-CBD abaqondiswe kuyo ibizwa ngeMagic Puff.
Iminyango yezidakamizwa eSavannah nasezifundeni eziseduze zaseChatham ibophe umnikazi wesitolo kanye nabasebenzi ababili. Kodwa abakwazanga ukuphenya kabanzi ngenxa yokuthi imikhiqizo ibonakala yakhiwe kwenye indawo, mhlawumbe phesheya kwezilwandle. Isekela likaMqondisi weGroup uGene Halley uthe banikeze umbiko kuma-federal agents enforcement agents abasingatha amacala anjalo.
Kuleli hlobo, i-Magic Puff yayiseshalofini e-Florida ngemuva kokuthi izivivinyo ze-AP zibonise amabhokisi amajikijolo nama-strawberries aqukethe insangu yokwenziwa. Imiphumela yokuqala futhi iphakamisa ukuba khona kobuthi obukhiqizwa ukhunta.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-CBD iyisithako esisebenzayo emithini egunyazwe yi-FDA, i-FDA inesibopho sokulawula ukuthengiswa kwayo e-United States. Kepha uma imikhiqizo ye-CBD itholakala inezidakamizwa, i-ejensi ibheka uphenyo njengomsebenzi we-DEA, kusho umkhulumeli we-FDA.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-16-2023